Oath Keepers is one of the largest anti-government “patriot” groups in the nation. The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) includes the organization in its list of Hate and Extremist Groups and its Patriot Movement Timeline.1 Oath Keepers differs from the 1990s wave of patriot movements in that “full members” of the organization are former and current military and police.
Oath Keepers was registered as a nonprofit in Nevada in 2009.2 Stewart Rhodes, founder and president of the organization, is a Yale graduate and former Congressional staffer for Ron Paul. Founding directors included Richard Mack, who continues as a director and the organization’s most prominent spokesperson.3 4
The stated purpose of the Oath Keepers is to organize and train current and former military, police, and first responders to refuse to “obey unconstitutional orders.” 5 New members make an oath affirming “ten orders we will not obey” and liken their mission to resisting the tyranny of Nazi Germany. In 2014, the organization claimed 40,000 members in chapters in all fifty states,6 up from 30,000 reported in a 2011 interview with Rhodes in the libertarian Reason Magazine. 7 8 Full membership is available for current and former members of the military, National Guard, Reserves, police, firefighters, and first responders. Other are eligible for associate membership.
The “Friends of Oath Keepers,” listed on the organization’s website, include the Constitutional Sheriffs and Peace Officers Association (CSPOA), Gun Owners of America (GOA), the Tenth Amendment Center, and S.W.A.T. Magazine.
CSPOA9, an organization for “oathkeeper sheriffs,” was founded in 2011 by Richard Mack, a former Arizona sheriff who is known for challenging the Brady Bill in Mack and Printz v. United States. Mack has also been a lobbyist for GOA and co-authored a book with Randy Weaver about Ruby Ridge, the 1992 incident which has served as a rallying cry for Patriot and militia groups. CSPOA is specifically for sheriffs who would “be willing to interpose on behalf of the people to protect their freedom.”10 The mission is to “train and vet them all [county sheriffs], state by state, to understand and enforce the constitutionally protected Rights of the people they serve, with an emphasis on State Sovereignty and local autonomy.”11 The mission statement continues, “In short, the CSPOA will be the army that sets our country free.”
For both the Oath Keepers and the CSPOA, the enemy keeping the country from being free is the federal government. Both groups promote and train for resistance to “unconstitutional” actions of federal agencies, including the Bureau of Land Management, Environmental Protection Agency, and Food and Drug Administration. They prioritize fighting any type of gun control.
Rhodes has written that he got the idea for organizing Oath Keepers while volunteering for Ron Paul’s 2008 presidential campaign, and first started a blog in which he warned about threats to gun rights in a new administration. He reposted an article he had written for S.W.A.T. Magazine warning that after being sworn in as president, Hillary Clinton (“Herr Hitlery”) would sign a “total ban on private possession of firearms.”12 Rhodes continued, claiming that the “dominatrix-in-chief” would declare “the entire militia movement” to be enemy combatants, and order resisters of gun confiscation to be shot. The article was accompanied by photographs of Nazi atrocities.13 Oath Keeper media products feature former Congressman Paul, GOA’s Larry Pratt, and “New World Order” or one-world government conspiracists including G. Edward Griffin and Alex Jones.
The Oath Keepers capitalized on the emerging Tea Party movement and the “Ron Paul Revolution” to build its membership.14 As noted in a Mother Jones article on the Oath Keepers, Rhodes sent speakers to administer the organization’s oath at 30 Tea Party rallies in the early days of the movement.15 Association with the Tea Party, and the willingness of local authorities to participate, has enabled Oath Keepers and CSPOA to gain more access to the mainstream than many in the patriot movement of the 1990s.
On April 10, 2014, Oath Keepers posted an announcement about their participation with CSPOA in the Cliven Bundy standoff with the federal Bureau of Land Management. “[We must] stand vigil at the Bundy ranch to prevent the Federal Government provocation of violence resulting in another Ruby Ridge or Waco type incident.” 16 Oath Keepers paid for the Elkhart Indiana sheriff to make the trip to participate.17
Related Patriot Movement Profiles
Endnotes
- http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-is…
- https://web.archive.org/web/20170307091725/http://nvsos.gov/sosentityse…
- Other directors listed on the Nevada registration are Jeff Ford, James Hanna, Michele Imburgia, Sharon M. Manery, John Shirley, L. Franklin Shook III, and Jay Stang. Jay Stang is head of Texas Oath Keepers and the son of the late Alan Stang.
- Stewart Rhodes continues as president and Richard Mack is on the current board of directors. Other current directors are Michele Imburgia, L. Franklin Shook III, John D. Shirley, Jay Stang, David Helms, Jeff W. Ford, and Jim Ayala. http://oathkeepers.org/oktester/board-of-directors/
- http://oathkeepers.org/oktester/about/
- https://web.archive.org/web/20140414202439/http://oathkeepers.org/oath/…
- http://reason.com/archives/2011/02/07/an-interview-with-stewart-rhod
- http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2010/03/oath-keepers
- https://www.politicalresearch.org/2013/11/22/profiles-on-the-right-cons…
- http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-is…
- http://cspoa.org/about/message-from-mack/
- http://oath-keepers.blogspot.com/2009/05/keeping-your-oath-not-just-fol…
- http://oath-keepers.blogspot.com/2009/05/keeping-your-oath-not-just-fol…
- For more on the ideology of the Ron Paul Revolution and the promotion of nullification of federal law, see “Nullification, Neo-Confederates, and the Revenge of the Old Right” beginning on page 2 of the Fall 2014 Public Eye. https://www.politicalresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2013/12/…
- http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2010/03/oath-keepers?page=2
- Archive of http://oathkeepers.org/oath/2014/04/10/coalition-of-western-state-legis…
- http://www.elkharttruth.com/news/politics/Indiana-Buzz/2014/04/29/Elkha…
- http://www.elkhartcountysheriff.com/sheriff.html
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVLJnqwIezs